Background to the Study
One of the most significant occurrences of the 20th century is the invention of the Internet and World Wide Web in the 1980s. This has remained so through the 1990s when Information and Communication Technology (ICT) took centre stage. These inventions have changed and continued to change people‟s lives and activities in almost all aspects of life including education and training, transportation, communication, business, banking and leisure. As Mbah (2016) stated, this modern technology has launched the world into a knowledge-based economy in which ideas and technological principles are used for better output. Thus, advancement in technology according to Muhammed, Asua and Munnaza (2015) has compelled teachers and educators to utilize its benefits for the delivery of instruction and promote learning through on-line learning. An area that has been most affected by this phenomenon is the office. The space, tools and equipment, procedures/processes and personnel (including office managers/secretaries) involved in the generation, maintenance and management of office information have been revolutionized. These changes in the functions of secretaries, office layouts and equipment used in performing office functions have given rise to specific training and retraining needs for the secretaries. This is to ensure that they remain relevant and contribute adequately to the goals of their 2 employers and the society. The changes also led to the expansion and extension in the curriculum/syllabus of secretarial studies and change of the nomenclature to office technology and management (OTM) and job title from secretary to office manager. Salleh, Musa and Sulaiman (2017) noted that today‟s secretary has come to assume the rightful position as the chief organizer of the secretariat, its staff and equipment. The nomenclature has changed the job title from „the secretary‟ to „the office manager.‟ The introduction of ICTs into education has resulted in changes in the ways everything is done in teaching and learning. Today, ICTs facilitate teaching and learning through on-line learning, e-learning and similar terms and methods which are rapidly taking over the conventional or face-to-face teaching and learning modes. According to Omoniyi and Boluwaji (2014), this development justified the transformation of secretarial studies into OTM and modernization of the curriculum in order to equip students with relevant office and sociopsychological skills and competencies for the current information era. Despite the above changes, the core competency area on which secretarial duties are anchored is the generation of information by „note taking‟. Before the invention of the typewriter, note-taking was entirely done manually in shorthand and subsequent handwritten transcription. In Office Technology and Management (OTM), the core skills centre on the use of computer to generate and process information with keyboarding speed and accuracy.
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Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
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ABSTRACT
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